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19Nov09 Thu
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1. To Do
SNMP Protocol specification
v1 RFC 1155, 1157, 1212, 1213
v2 RFC 1901-1906
v3 RFC 2570 - 2575
SNMP source : server, agent
http://sourceforge.net/projects/net-snmp/files/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/rtg/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/snmpobserver/files/
SnmpComp.dll 이 필요한데 dll만 있음. src 없음.
http://sourceforge.net/projects/jmibbrowser/
MIB handling
Compiler
browser
2. Reference
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Reference from http://www.protocols.com/pbook/tcpip9.htm#SNMP
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SNMP
RFC1157 http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/htbin/rfc/rfc1157.html
SNMP Protocol Overview: http://service.baltnet.ru/info/CIE/Topics/108.htm
IETF RFCs 1155, 1156, and 1157 define the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
The Internet community developed SNMP to allow diverse network objects to participate in a global network management architecture.
Network managing systems can poll network entities implementing SNMP for information relevant to a particular network management implementation.
Network management systems learn of problems by receiving traps or change notices from network devices implementing SNMP.
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SNMP Message Format
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SNMP is a session protocol which is encapsulated in UDP.
The SNMP message format is shown below:
| Version | Community | PDU |
SNMP message format
Version
SNMP version number.
Both the manager and agent must use the same version of SNMP.
Messages containing different version numbers are discarded without further processing.
Community
Community name used for authenticating the manager before allowing access to the agent.
PDU
There are five different PDU types:
GetRequest, GetNextRequest, GetResponse, SetRequest, and Trap.
A general description of each of these is given in the next section.
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PDU Format
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The format for GetRequest, GetNext Request, GetResponse and SetRequest PDUs is shown here.
| PDU type | Request ID | Error status | Error index | Object 1, value 1 | Object 2, value 2 | … |
SNMP PDU format
PDU type
Specifies the type of PDU:
0 GetRequest.
1 GetNextRequest.
2 GetResponse.
3 SetRequest.
Request ID
Integer field which correlates the manager’s request to the agent’s response.
Error status
Enumerated integer type that indicates normal operation or one of five error conditions.
The possible values are:
0 noError : Proper manager/agent operation.
1 tooBig : Size of the required GetResponse PDU exceeds a local limitation
2 noSuchName : The requested object name does not match the names available in the relevant MIB View.
3 badValue : A SetRequest contains an inconsistent type, length and value for the variable.
4 readOnly : Not defined in RFC1157.
5 genErr : Other errors, which are not explicitly defined, have occurred.
Error index
Identifies the entry within the variable bindings list that caused the error.
Object/value
Variable binding pair of a variable name with its value.
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Trap PDU Format
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The format of the Trap PDU is shown below:
| PDU type | Enterp | Agent addr | Gen trap | Spec trap | Time stamp | Obj 1, Val 1 | Obj 1, Val 1 | … |
SNMP trap PDU
PDU type
Specifies the type of PDU (4=Trap).
Enterprise
Identifies the management enterprise under whose registration authority the trap was defined.
Agent address
IP address of the agent, used for further identification.
Generic trap type
Field describing the event being reported.
The following seven values are defined:
0 coldStart : Sending protocol entity has reinitialized, indicating that the agent’s configuration or entity implementation may be altered.
1 warmStart : Sending protocol has reinitialized, but neither the agent’s configuration nor the protocol entity implementation has been altered.
2 linkDown : A communication link has failed.
3 linkUp : A communication link has come up.
4 authenticationFailure : The agent has received an improperly authenticated SNMP message from the manager, i.e., community name was incorrect.
5 egpNeighborLoss : An EGP peer neighbor is down.
6 enterpriseSpecific : A non-generic trap has occurred which is further identified by the Specific Trap Type and Enterprise fields.
Specific trap type
Used to identify a non-generic trap when the Generic Trap Type is enterpriseSpecific.
Timestamp
Value of the sysUpTime object, representing the amount of time elapsed between the last (re-)initialization and the generation of that Trap.
Object/value
Variable binding pair of a variable name with its value.
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